cuneifera

2) Sp. cuneifera (Oberthür, 1879)⁶⁾

Ssp. paeninsulae (Pendlebury, 1936)

This species closely resembles T. amphrysus, generally inhabiting the same locality except for Kalimantan (=Borneo) Island. But its habitats are highland (400m to 2,000 m), and it is altitudinally separated from T. amphrysus which flies in lowlands. Three subspecies are known now.

(Distribution) [DCD 21]

Greater Sunda Islands (Sumatra Is., Malay Peninsula, Java Is.)

(Vertical distribution)

400 – 2,000 m. a. s. l.

(Spotted pattern)

♂: FW is shiny black or dark blackish brown with yellowish gray vein-stripes similar to those of Troides amphrysus but have a peculiar wing shape with pointed wing apex and concaved outer margin. HW also have the same golden patch as those of Troides amphrysus but are easily distinguished by the following differences: a slight greenish tinge except on the submarginal area, wider black margins along wing veins, the presence of black cuneiform spots in the wing spaces exclusive of ssp. paeninsulae, and pointed convexities on the outer margin. Neck color is dark reddish and red hair tufts on thorax are present a little or absent, except for ssp. paeninsulae.

♀: Females of this species are also so much resembling those of Troides amphrysus, and identification is difficult. But the differences between the two can be identified in the following points. The shape of FW vein-stripes is broad only in around the apex of the cell and rapidly thins towards subapical area. On the HW, the dark marginal border is narrower and dark discal spots do not extend towards the cell as they are smaller (especially spaces 2 and 3).

(Larval foodplant)

Aristolochia foveolata, A. coadunata.⁵⁾