領 域 名 生物分子化学
教員氏名 古 本 敏 夫
研究分野 植物機能化学
研究キーワード：天然物化学，植物，化学構造，代謝・生合成，生物活性
最近の研究課題
１．植物が生産する二次代謝産物（天然物）
植物は，多種多様な二次代謝産物（天然物）を生産する能力を持っている．本研究室では，植物によって生産される二次代謝産物について，活性成分の分離・精製や分析，化学構造の解析，生合成経路や生成機構などの研究を行っている．
ゴマは，健康に良い食品として認知され，セサミンなどの機能性リグナン類が知られている．一方，「黒ゴマ」が白ゴマより健康に良いと考えられているが科学的な知見はほとんどない． 私達は，黒ゴマに特有な成分を探索し，強い抗酸化性を持つ成分の同定およびその生産・蓄積特性などを明らかにした．
キノン類は，生体内で重要な役割を担っていると共に、その生理的・化学的特性から多くの用途を持つ．私達は，植物が生産するナフトキノン類とアントラキノン類の生合成経路に着目し，組織培養根を用いて，多くの生合成関連物質の単離・構造解析を行うと共に，生合成起源や生成機構を解明してきている．
２．根圏で作用する植物生長調節物質
植物は，根で様々な化学物質を生産・分泌し，これら物質を介して，根圏で他の生物（別の植物および共生菌や病原菌などの微生物）に影響を及ぼす．本研究室では，植物の根や培養根および根滲出物から，他の植物の生長を調節する物質の探索を行っている．最近，根に寄生する植物の種子に作用する生物活性成分（発芽刺激物質）の単離や化学構造の解析も行っている．
代表的な研究業績
• Furumoto, T. et al. (2003). Anthrasesamones from roots of Sesamum indicum. Phytochemistry 64: 863-866.
• Furumoto, T. et al. (2011). Biosynthetic origin of 2-geranyl-1,4-naphthoquinone and its related anthraquinone in a Sesamum indicum hairy root culture. Phytochemistry 72: 871-874.
• Furumoto, T. et al. (2012). Effect of chloride ions on anthrasesamone C production in a Sesamum indicum hairy root culture and identification of the precursor for its abiotic formation. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 76: 305-308.
• Furumoto, T. et al. (2016). Identification of a characteristic antioxidant, anthrasesamone F, in black sesame seeds and its accumulation at different seed developmental stages. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 80: 350-355.
• Ueno, K. et al. (2014). Heliolactone, a non-sesquiterpene lactone germination stimulant for root parasitic weeds from sunflower. Phytochemistry 108: 122-128.
Research Area: Biological Molecular Chemistry
Research Specialization: Functional Phytochemistry
Name: FURUMOTO, Toshio
Key words: natural product chemistry, plant, chemical structure, biosynthesis, bioactivity
Recent research
1. Secondary metabolites produced by plants
Plants possess the ability to produce a variety of secondary metabolites (natural products). Our laboratory has carried out the isolation, structure determination, quantitative analysis, research for biosynthetic pathway and production mechanism, etc., about several plat secondary metabolites.
For example, sesame seeds have been considered a valuable health food, and it is assumed that black seeds are more effective as health food than white seeds in Asia. Assay-guided fractionation of the extract from black seeds led to the isolation of a characteristic antioxidant that had a potent radical scavenging activity. Quinones are characterized by two carbonyl groups on a fully unsaturated ring and have various biological activities and wide utility. We isolated and elucidated the structures of many naphthoquinone and anthraquinone derivatives in Sesamum indicum roots and hairy roots. Moreover, the biosynthetic relationship among these quinone derivatives is under investigation.
2. Plant growth regulators in rhizoshere
Plants produce and accumulate many organic compound in the roots, and the substances secreted or released from the roots affect other living organisms. We recently isolated a novel germination stimulant for the seeds of root parasitic weeds from sunflower root exudates
Publications
• Furumoto, T. et al. (2003). Anthrasesamones from roots of Sesamum indicum. Phytochemistry 64: 863-866.
• Furumoto, T. et al. (2011). Biosynthetic origin of 2-geranyl-1,4-naphthoquinone and its related anthraquinone in a Sesamum indicum hairy root culture. Phytochemistry 72: 871-874.
• Furumoto, T. et al. (2012). Effect of chloride ions on anthrasesamone C production in a Sesamum indicum hairy root culture and identification of the precursor for its abiotic formation. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 76: 305-308.
• Furumoto, T. et al. (2016). Identification of a characteristic antioxidant, anthrasesamone F, in black sesame seeds and its accumulation at different seed developmental stages. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 80: 350-355.
• Ueno, K. et al. (2014). Heliolactone, a non-sesquiterpene lactone germination stimulant for root parasitic weeds from sunflower. Phytochemistry 108: 122-128.
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